1. Brain injury: such as traffic accident, falling or boxing injury.

2. Retinal diseases: such as glaucoma, optic neuritis, optic atrophy and optic nerve papilloma.

3. Metabolic diseases: diabetes, thyroid diseases, etc.

Beware of binocular vision deviation：

If the vision is abnormal, you can cover one of the eyes with your hand and observe the objects for comparison. If you detect that the vision of two eyes is deviated, or the vision of one eye is blurred, you should go to the ophthalmic clinic as soon as possible for further diagnosis, so as not to delay the treatment.

Diagnosis of optic nerve injury

Generally, the diagnosis of optic nerve injury requires comprehensive judgment, such as whether the patient has a history of head trauma, whether there is visual impairment, whether there is a condition of the injured side pupil, whether there is astigmatism, the light response disappears or the indirect light response exists, whether the fundus examination is normal, whether there is optic nerve atrophy, etc.

The examination items involved include a comprehensive examination of vision, pupil, cornea, iris, lens and fundus. In addition, it is necessary to decide whether to do CT of the orbit or head according to the nature and extent of trauma, excluding optic canal fracture, craniocerebral injury, orbital fracture, etc. If the optic nerve injury is highly suspected or has been confirmed, further examination is required, such as visual field, OCT, VEP, Judge the degree of injury and speculate the prognosis.

Treatment of optic nerve injury

After optic nerve injury, some patients can recover completely, but some patients can only recover part of it. The reason lies in the location, time and severity of the injury. However, no matter what the situation is, early treatment is required.

(1) Medication

If the patient has mild symptoms, such as optic nerve edema, it can be treated with drugs that nourish the optic nerve, such as vitamin A, vitamin b1, vitamin b6, etc.

(2) Surgical treatment

If the optic nerve is compressed after the fracture, it can be relieved by surgical decompression.

(3) Life care

In daily life, it is necessary to do a good job in personal care, such as taking proper exercise, going out more, looking at the green plants, breathing the information air, avoiding excessive medication, adjusting the diet, not eating spicy and stimulating food, and eating more eye friendly food, such as spinach, tomatoes, carrots, etc.